There are a number of ways to make a reasonable estimate of the random error in a particular measurement. There are several ways to make a reasonable measurement error calculation such as estimating random errors and estimating systematic errors. Random Errors Measurement Error Calculation These errors may be reduced by taking the average of a large number of readings. An example of the random errors is during changes in humidity, unexpected change in temperature and fluctuation in voltage. These errors are either positive or negative. Random errors are caused by the sudden change in experimental conditions and noise and tiredness in the working persons. For example, a theory states that the temperature of the system surrounding will not change the readings taken when it actually does, then this factor will begin a source of error in measurement. Theoretical errors are caused by simplification of the model system. In order to reduce the PARALLAX error highly accurate meters are needed: meters provided with mirror scales. The wrong observations may be due to PARALLAX. Ensure that there shall not be any external electrostatic or magnetic field around the instrument.Īs the name suggests, these types of errors occurs due to wrong observations or reading in the instruments particularly in case of energy meter reading.Try to maintain the humidity and temperature constant in the laboratory by making some arrangements.In order to reduce the environmental errors External conditions mainly include pressure, temperature, humidity or due to magnetic fields. The environmental errors occur due to some external conditions of the instrument. In order to reduce the gross errors in measurement, different correction factors must be applied and in the extreme condition instrument must be recalibrated carefully. These types of errors include loading effect and misuse of the instruments. These errors may occur due to hysteresis or friction. Instrumental errors occur due to wrong construction of the measuring instruments.

In order to understand the concept of systematic errors, let us classify the errors as: Measured value can be defined as the estimated value of true value that can be found by taking several measured values during an experiment. It may be defined as the average value of an infinite number of measured values.

The true value is impossible to find out the truth of quantity by experimental means. They are true value and the measured value. Sequentially, to understand the concept of errors in measurement, you should know the two terms that define the error. The difference that occurs between both the measurements is referred to as an ERROR. There may be a difference between both measurements. For example, if the two operators use the same device or instrument for finding the errors in measurement, it is not necessary that they may get similar results.

Errors in Measurement SystemĪn error may be defined as the difference between the measured value and the actual value. Some of the errors are constant in nature due to the unknown reasons, some will be random in nature, and the other will be due to gross blunder on the part of the experimenter. It is very important for the operator to take proper care of the experiment while performing on industrial instruments so that the error in measurement can be reduced.

Standard error measurement tape measure